再生塑料全品类速查:哪个品类能省、怎么省、何时别用,一张表说清

塑料知识科普 发布时间: 2026-09-15 1744 阅读

Experienced buyers all understand one saying: cheap materials only bring joy at the moment of purchase. When it comes to recycled plastics, there’s an extra half sentence to add—buying the right one saves money, buying the wrong one costs more. The previous 15 articles broke down PP, PE, ABS, and PC one by one; this article brings them together into a quick reference summary sheet that can be posted on a buyer’s desk.

Let's spend two minutes getting to know the main character. Ningbo Cologne New Materials Co., Ltd. is a plastic raw material supplier integrating industry and trade. It doesn’t just focus on one or two categories, but instead collects all the viable materials along the recycled plastics industry chain and sorts them clearly: bulk general-purpose PP, PE, PVC, PS series; engineering materials ABS, PC, PA, POM; specialty materials PPS, PVDF, PEEK, LCP; elastomer TPU; as well as degradable PLA/PBAT and thermoset recycled powders — in total, more than twenty categories. The sources of recycled plastics are diverse — factory scraps, post-consumer recycled products, new scraps from emerging industries such as photovoltaics and lithium batteries. After sorting, crushing, cleaning, and pelletizing, the materials return to their corresponding production lines. This article doesn't go into the processing details; it simply answers one question: where should the piece in your hand be categorized?

27 categories are not 27 multiple-choice questions; they are actually 5 ledgers.

Many people, when they hear 'recycled plastic,' have a vague concept in their minds: cheap. But when it comes to the purchasing table, the accounts for PP and PE are different, and the accounts for ABS and PEEK are even more distinct. PP is about quantity—you save a few hundred yuan per ton, use hundreds of tons per month, and small savings add up; PEEK is about price—the new material costs dozens of yuan per kilogram, and recycling saves a significant amount; TPU focuses on rebound, LCP focuses on high-frequency performance. Forcing them all into one basket to compare prices is inherently wrong.

So rather than memorizing the parameters for 27 categories, it's better to first group them into five tiers: bulk general tier, engineering materials tier, specialty materials tier, elastomers tier, and niche special tier. Each tier focuses on different concerns — the bulk tier worries about batch variations, the engineering tier worries about surface and mechanical failures, the specialty tier worries about missing certifications and data, the elastomer tier worries about water absorption, and the niche tier worries about using materials in the wrong applications. Once the tiers are properly categorized, choosing the right material is already half the battle.

The summary table at the back consolidates the sources, typical uses, cost-reduction key points, and when to avoid touching them for 27 categories, all in one row. No need to memorize it; just print it out and stick it on your desk, and check new parts against it first. The indicators in the table are general industry guidelines; specifics should follow the GB/T 40006 standards by category and the manufacturer's TDS. Since LCP has small circulation, it is mainly recovered through specific channels. Ningbo Kolon New Materials Co., Ltd., which has been in the recycled materials business for a long time, never starts quoting for clients by immediately giving a unit price. Instead, they first ask what part is being made and under what working conditions, and then compare it against these five categories.

Figure 1  Silo for Multi-Category Recycled Plastic Pellets (schematic)

Lay out all categories on one table; you can immediately see who can save and who can't.

CategoryTypical sourceTypical applicationsKey Points for Cost ReductionWhen to stop using
PPTurnover boxes, woven bags, bumpersTurnover boxes, pallets, automotive partsHigh sales volume, stable supply of materialsLow-temperature load-bearing parts should be measured first
PEPackaging film, chemical drums, pipesFilm blowing, pipes, palletsLarge volume and wide coverage, stable price differenceFood contact film must pass compliance first
ABSHome appliance casings, television casingsHome appliance shells, toysDark color non-exterior parts are cost-effectiveTry the highlighted mirror parts first
PCAppliance housings, panels, lampshadesSheets, electronic enclosuresBlended grade is cheapDo not mix with high-transparency optical components
PETBeverage bottles, sheet scrapsStaple fiber, strapping, sheetsThe amount of bottle and sheet recycling is largeFood-grade bottles are subject to additional restrictions
PVCPipes, profiles, cable materialsDrainage pipes, profilesSufficient after reformulating the recipeFor water pipes and food parts, use separately
HIPSHome appliance shells, packaging boxesStationery, ordinary casingInjection molding grade source is stableDo not use high-impact parts
PACar parts, carpet fibersModified reinforcement, structural componentsCompared to virgin material after modificationMoisture-absorbing parts should be dried first
PC/ABSElectrical appliance casing recyclingNotebook, appliance casingRecycling is cost-effective when alloy prices are highHigh temperature-resistant parts first to verify
PMMALightbox panels, acrylic cornersLightbox, display boardWide range of transparent sourcesOutdoor long-term yellowing parts
POMGears, wear-resistant part gatesGears, wear-resistant structural partsWear-resistant parts can be regenerated and usedHandle precision parts carefully
TPUShoe sole, edges of pipesSoles, protective covers, hosesShoe material recycling closed loop is shortSoak the parts in water, first separate polyester and polyether
EVAShoe materials, foam edges and cornersShoe soles, foam productsJust align the VA contentHigh load components, handle with care
POEPhotovoltaic, toughened edgesToughening blend modificationMix a little to save a batchDon't use as the main ingredient
EPSPackaging foam, insulated boxLightweight filler, recycled granulesWide sourcing, low priceLoad-bearing structural components, food-grade components
PTFEFluoroplastic corners and sealing ringsAnti-corrosion lining, sealsNew materials are expensive, and there is a large space for recyclingHigh-purity semiconductors, food components
PBTElectronics and electrical sprueElectronic connectors and automotive partsEnhanced modification benchmarked against new materialHigh humidity long-term load-bearing component
AS/SANEdges and corners of transparent productsStationery, transparent packagingStable at the transparency levelOutdoor weather-resistant, high-impact parts
PVDFLithium battery waste, chemical pipe scrapsLithium batteries, photovoltaics, chemical corrosion protectionNew material is expensive, recycling is cost-effectiveHigh-purity lithium battery cathode components
PPSHot runner nozzleHigh-temperature structural components and connectorsRecycling special materials is cost-effectiveHigh-precision dimensional parts
UHMWPEWear-resistant plates, pipe edges and cornersWear-resistant lining, guide railHigh molecular weight, good cost performanceInjection molded thin-walled, high-temperature parts
PETG/APETTransparent sheet edges and cornersTransparent packaging, displayTransparent and widely sourced for regenerationFood contact first compliance
PEEKAerospace, medical, semiconductor edgesHigh-end wear-resistant parts, semiconductor toolingNew materials are extremely expensive and require a lot of spaceImplant-grade, aviation-certified parts
PI/PSU/PEIHigh-temperature film, electronic cornersHigh-temperature insulation, electronic structural componentsRecycling high-priced specialty materials is cost-effectiveAviation certification, medical implants
PLA/PBATEdges of biodegradable productsDegradable packaging, agricultural film, 3D printingBio-based waste reductionLong-lasting parts, high-temperature parts
Thermoset recycled powderPhenolic, epoxy, PU crushingFiller, modified fillerTurn waste into filler to reduce costsStructural load-bearing member
LCPElectronic component sprue (small quantity)Precision electronic components, 5G structural component modificationCan be substituted in non-high-frequency, non-precision scenarioshigh-frequency high-speed communication component

This table looks long, but it actually sums up in one sentence: For bulk materials, group by batch to ensure stability; for engineering materials, group by appearance and mechanical properties; for specialty materials, group by certification and data; for elastomers, group by hardness segments and hydrolysis resistance; for niche materials, group by correct usage. Using the same batch of material in the right category saves money, using it in the wrong category can cause accidents.

Save where you can save, avoid touching what you shouldn’t touch, and don’t use one ruler to measure all the materials.

Combine the above 27 categories into five tiers. When purchasing, first see which tier your items fall into, and then discuss the specific grade. The risk points for this tier and that tier are completely different, and the tiering table below explains this.

gradingRepresentative categoryKey Points for SelectionMain Risk Warning
General Bulk FilePP, PE, PVC, HIPS, EPS, EVA, POE, PETCheck the ash content and see if the MFR batches are stableDo not touch food contact surfaces or water pipes
Engineering Material FileABS, PC, PA, POM, PBT, PC/ABS, PMMA, AS, PETGRequirements for surface, impact resistance, and transparencySeal the sample for the highlight transparent part first
Special Material FilePPS, PVDF, PTFE, PEEK, LCP, PI series, UHMWPENew materials are expensive; first check certification requirementsDo not use recycled materials for aviation, semiconductors, or implants
Elastomer gearTPUFirst separate polyester and polyether, then test the rebound.Choose polyether series for soaked parts
Obscure special filePLA/PBAT, thermosetting recycled powderAs filler, for short-term useFor long-term durability, do not use as a load-bearing part

Even more important than the scorecard is knowing which scenarios should never entertain the idea of using recycled materials. The following boundary table lists the high-frequency pitfall scenarios — it's not that these categories cannot use recycled materials; it's that the safety and certification requirements in these scenarios are something recycled materials can't yet meet.

SceneNot Recommended CategoriesReasonAlternative suggestion
Direct contact with foodMost general-purpose recycled materialsNo GB 4806 compliance basisUse compliant food-grade new material
High-gloss mirror finish componentsRecycled ABS, Recycled PCBlack spots and color differences are difficult to controlHighlight-grade regeneration, first seal sample or new material
Outdoor long-term weather resistanceRecycled PC, Recycled PMMAExposed to sun and rain, it easily yellowsUV-resistant modified material or new material
High-frequency high-speed communication componentRegenerated LCPIt is difficult to ensure the consistency of dielectric propertiesNew LCP
Aviation certification, medical implantationSpecial materials such as PEEK and PI seriesFull traceable certification requiredCertified new material
Pressure water supply pipeRecycled PVC, Recycled PEHigh hygiene and safety requirementsCompliant brand-new material
High-precision dimensional partsRecycled POM, UHMWPE, PPSShrinkage and dimensional instabilityNew material or strict small-scale verification

These two tables are used together: first, use the grading table to set the direction, then use the boundary table to remove risks. When it comes to specific batches, hard indicators such as MFR variation coefficient, ash content, gap impact, and moisture content—none of the required data can be missing; this point has been mentioned in every previous article, so it will not be repeated in the summary table.

Correction for multiple materials mixed in one factory: first categorize, then discuss cost.

First, a greeting: The following story about this miscellaneous parts factory is a typical example put together to explain grading logic, and does not correspond to any real customer. There is a factory in Ningbo that makes miscellaneous parts, with seven or eight injection molding machines and extrusion lines. They use PP for turnover boxes, PE for packaging barrels, PC for transparent covers, and POM for wear-resistant sliders—four parts with four different materials. A few years ago, to save money, they bought whichever recycled material was cheapest, resulting in three grading issues in a year: the PP turnover boxes became brittle and were returned in winter, the PC transparent covers yellowed and were returned by customers, and the POM sliders wore out excessively in three months. When the boss did the math, the money saved on material wasn't even enough to cover a fraction of the rework costs.

Later, they organized the orders and took them to compare with Ningbo Kolon New Materials Co., Ltd. Kolon New Materials didn't rush to quote; they first filed the four parts separately: the turnover boxes were filed under the bulk general category, recognizing impact-resistant copolymer recycled PP and locking MFR; the packaging barrels were filed under the bulk category, recognizing HDPE injection-grade and checking ash content; the transparent covers were filed under the engineering materials category, with transparent recycled PC requiring testing for light transmittance and yellowness index; the wear-resistant sliders were filed under the engineering materials category, with recycled POM first undergoing small-scale tests for wear life. Each category set an acceptance range, accompanied by a test report with the shipment. After running smoothly, the turnover boxes no longer cracked in winter, the yellowing rate of the transparent covers slowed down, the slider lifespan returned to expectations, and the material cost for all four parts decreased by a notch.

This note explains something very straightforward: for factories that mix multiple types of materials, the biggest concern is not being unable to buy cheap recycled materials, but rather buying materials of different grades according to the same price standard. Ningbo Kolon New Materials Co., Ltd. provides a full-category supply, and its value lies here—not in finding you the cheapest bag, but in first classifying each item into the correct grade, and then selecting a stable quality within that grade. When the grade is right, the cheap price really applies to the imported bag; when the grade is wrong, the cheap price is just an IOU.

The general principle for selection can be summed up in one sentence: first match the file, then match the grade, and finally consider the price.

I've written the entire series up to this point, covering PP, PE, ABS, PC, PET, PVC, HIPS, PA, PC/ABS, PMMA, POM, TPU, EVA, and POE one by one. In this article, I also cover the dozen or so lesser-known and specialty grades. When it comes to procurement day, you don’t need to memorize all 15 articles; just remember this sequence: first look at which grade the part falls into, then see which level within that grade is sufficient, and only then sit down to discuss price. If the order is reversed, it’s just the script of that miscellaneous part factory earlier.

Recycled materials have no high or low value; it all depends on whether they are used in the right place—used correctly, even scraps can be a major cost saver; used incorrectly, even gold can turn into waste plastic.

From restricting plastics to regulating their use, the recycled plastics business is becoming more legitimate, and the categories are getting increasingly detailed. New industry scraps—POE from photovoltaics, PVDF from lithium batteries, LCP from 5G—are constantly emerging. What is niche today might become a major commodity in a few years. Policies are promoting a graded supply system, and standards are setting fixed indicators for each category. Manufacturers who know how to use them quietly reduce costs, while those who don't are still blocked at the door by the idea that 'recycled material = substandard product'.

All-category recycled materials, first organize your pieces into a file

Disclaimer: The brands and trademarks mentioned in this article are owned by their respective manufacturers. This article is a third-party material selection knowledge sharing, and the specific grades, parameters, prices, certifications, and other information mentioned herein are subject to the latest official information from each manufacturer. This article does not constitute any procurement or investment advice.

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